Skip to content
  • About
    • About us
    • Feedback
    • Lennard Funk
    • Testimonials
  • Shoulder
    • AC Joint
      • AC Joint Problems
      • AC Joint Arthritis
      • AC Joint Dislocations
      • AC Joint Osteolysis
      • AC Joint Excision
      • AC Joint Reconstruction
      • AC Joint Stabilisation
    • Biceps
      • Biceps Problems
      • Biceps Tendonitis
      • LHB Tendon Rupture
      • Biceps Tenodesis
      • Biceps Tenotomy
    • Calcific Shoulder Tendinitis
      • Calcific Tendinitis
      • Ultrasound Guided Barbotage
      • Surgery for Calcific Tendinitis
    • Condensing Osteitis Clavicle
    • Frozen Shoulder Information
      • Frozen Shoulder (adhesive capsulitis)
      • Frozen Shoulder Video
      • Exercises
      • Arthrographic Distension / Hydrodilatation
      • Capsular Release
    • Internal Impingement
    • Labral Tears
      • Shoulder Labral Tears
      • Glenoid Labrum Video
      • Paralabral Cysts
    • Low grade Infection
    • Nerve Disorders of the Shoulder
      • Shoulder Nerve Disorders
      • Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy
      • Nerve Injuries of the Shoulder
      • Neuralgic Amyotrophy
      • Quadrilateral Space Syndrome
      • Suprascapular Nerve Palsy
      • Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndrome (TOCS)
      • Trapezius Muscle Palsy / Spinal Accessory Nerve Palsy
    • Os Acromiale
    • Osteochondral Lesions of the Shoulder
    • Pectoralis Major Ruptures
      • Pectoralis Major Rupture
      • Pectoralis Major Repair
      • Pec Major Late Reconstruction
      • Tendon Allografts
    • Rotator Cuff Tears
      • Rotator Cuff Tear
      • Rotator Cuff Degeneration
      • Partial Thickness Cuff Tears
      • PASTA Lesions
      • Massive Cuff Tears
      • Subscapularis Tendon Tears
      • Rotator Cuff Video
      • Arthroscopic Repair
      • Augmented Rotator Cuff Repair
      • Superior Capsular Reconstruction (SCR) for Patients
      • InSpace Balloon for Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
    • Rotator Tendon Transfer
      • Tendon Transfer Procedures
      • Pectoralis Major Transfer
      • Latissimus Dorsi transfer
      • Arthroscopic Lat Dorsi Tendon Transfer
    • Scapula Disorders
      • Winging Scapula
      • Interscapular Pain
      • Scapula Fractures
      • Scapula Muscle Detachment
      • Snapping Scapula
      • Sprengel Shoulder / Undescended Scapula
      • T4 Syndrome
      • Pec Major Transfer for Serratus Palsy
      • Modified Eden-Lange Procedure
    • Shoulder Anatomy
      • Anatomy of the Shoulder
      • Shoulder Muscles
      • Bones & Joints of the Shoulder
      • Nerves of the Shoulder
      • Shoulder Ligaments
      • Shoulder Tendons
      • Glenoid Labrum
      • Shoulder Bursae
      • Superficial Muscles
      • Deep Muscles
      • Muscles of the Shoulder & Arm
    • Shoulder Arthritis
      • Shoulder Arthritis (Arthrosis)
      • Arthritis in the Young Athlete
      • Shoulder Arthritis Video
      • Surface Replacement
      • Reversed Shoulder Replacement
      • Revision Shoulder Replacement
    • Shoulder Arthroscopy
    • Shoulder Clicks, Clunks and Pops
    • Shoulder Dislocations
      • Shoulder Dislocation
      • Shoulder Instability Video
      • Posterior Shoulder Instability
      • Atraumatic Shoulder Instability
      • Clinical Psychology and Shoulder Instability
      • Arthroscopic Stabilisation (Bankart)
      • Bankart Procedure
      • Arthroscopic Stabilisation - Animation Example
      • Capsular Plication
      • Capsular Shrinkage
      • Latarjet-Bristow Procedures
      • Latarjet - Congruent Arc
      • Latarjet - French Technique
      • Bristow Procedure
      • Post Op Exercises
    • Dislocation Lesions
      • Shoulder Dislocation Lesions
      • ALPSA Lesions
      • Bankart Tear
      • Bony Bankart Lesion
      • GLAD Lesion
      • HAGL Injury
      • Hill-Sachs Lesion
      • Perthe's Lesion
    • Shoulder Fractures
      • Proximal Humeral Fractures
      • Clavicle Fractures
      • Surgery for Shoulder Fractures
      • Shoulder Replacement for Fracture
      • Locking Plate Fixation
      • Greater Tuberosity Fractures
    • Shoulder Pain
      • Pain in the shoulder
      • Anterior Shoulder Pain
      • Chronic Shoulder Pain
      • Neck Pain referred to the Shoulder
      • Pain control after shoulder surgery
      • Painful Clicking, Snapping and Popping of the Shoulder
      • Shoulder Pain - Self Help
      • Shoulder Pain Maps
      • Viscoseal
    • Shoulder Scans
      • MRI scan
      • Ultrasound Scans
    • Shoulder Slings
      • Living with a Shoulder Sling
      • Standard Sling Application
      • Arm Immobiliser Sling Application
      • Cold Compression Therapy
      • Shoulder Braces
      • Applying External Rotation Sling
    • Shoulder Videos
    • Shoulder Surgery in Paraplegics
    • SLAP Lesions
      • SLAP Lesion
      • SLAP Repair
      • Types of SLAP Tears
    • Sports Injuries
      • Football (Soccer) Shoulder Injuries
      • Golf Shoulder Injuries
      • Rugby Shoulder Injuries - Prevention & Screening
      • Shoulder Impingement in Athletes
      • Shoulder Injuries in Paddlers - Canoeing, Kayaking
      • Shoulder Injury Prevention
      • Sports Shoulder Injuries
      • Rock climbing sports injuries
      • Swimmers Shoulder
      • The Athletes Shoulder - When to Operate
      • The Athletes Shoulder Slideshow
      • The Rugby Shoulder
    • Sternoclavicular Joint
      • Shoulder Sternoclavicular Joint
      • Arthritis of Sternoclavicular Joint
      • Sternoclavicular Joint Injuries
    • Subacromial Impingement
      • Shoulder Subacromial Impingement
      • Impingement Video
      • Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression
      • ASD Images
      • Post Op Exercies (ASD)
  • Patient Info
    • Being a Patient
      • Things to ask
      • Fees & Payments
      • Questions to ask your doctor before your operation
    • Your Surgery
      • Pain Control after Surgery
      • Consent to Treatment
      • Driving after Shoulder Surgery
      • MyRecovery App
      • Nutrition after Shoulder Surgery
      • Postoperative Scars
      • Recovering from Surgery or Injury
      • Risks & Complications
      • Your Anaesthetic
      • Your Shoulder Surgery
    • Simple Shoulder Care
  • Rehab
    • Exercise Guide
      • Introduction
      • Level 1 Exercises
      • Level 2 Exercises
      • Level 3 Exercises
    • Rehab Protocols
      • AC Joint Stabilisation
      • Anterior Shoulder Dislocation Rehab
      • Arthroscopic Anterior Stabilisation/ Latarjet
      • Arthroscopic Posterior Stabilisation
      • ASD/ACJ Excision
      • Biceps Tenodesis
      • Capsular Shrinkage / Capsular Plication
      • Deltoid Rehab Program
      • Fracture Shoulder Replacement Rehabilitation
      • Hydrodilation / Distension Rehab Guide
      • Lat Dorsi Transfer Rehab
      • MUA/Capsular Release
      • Pectoralis Major Repair
      • Reverse Shoulder Replacement (Delta 3)
      • Rotator Cuff Repair Rehabilitation
      • Shoulder Fracture Fixation
      • Safe Zones for Shoulder Rehab
    • EUSSER
    • Rehab exercises with the MyRecovery App
    • Shoulder Rehab Book
  • Education
    • AC Joint Education
      • AC Joint Biomechanics
      • AC Joint Dislocation Treatment
      • LARS Ligament
      • Lockdown Procedure
      • Open Weaver-Dunn (Modified)
      • Arthroscopic Weaver-Dunn
      • Revision AC Joint Surgery
    • Outcome Shoulder Scores
      • Shoulder Outcome Scores
      • Constant Shoulder Score
      • Oxford Shoulder Scores
      • Healthcare Outcomes
    • Case Reports
      • Shoulder Case Reports
      • Locked Post Shoulder Disloc
      • SLAP II Repair in an Elite Female Rugby Union Player
    • Clinical Tests for Shoulder
      • Shoulder Examination Tests
      • Anterior Apprehension Test
      • Anterior Drawer Test
      • Biceps Load Test
      • Biceps Load Test 2
      • Brachial Plexus Examination
      • Clinical Tests - What the Research Says
      • Empty Can - Full Can Test
      • Hawkins-Kennedy Test
      • Inferior Sulcus Test
      • Jobe Relocation Test
      • Lift-Off Test
      • Load and Shift Test
      • Neer Impingement Sign
      • OBriens Test
      • Pain Provocation Test
      • Posterior Drawer Test
      • SLAP prehension Test
      • Speeds Test
      • The Shoulder Symptom Modification Procedure (SSMP)
      • Yergasons Test
    • Consent for Surgery
      • Arthroscopic Stabilisation
      • ASD/ACJ
      • Capsular Release
      • Consent for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
      • Rotator Cuff Repair
      • Shoulder Fracture Fixation
      • Shoulder Replacement (Surface)
    • Distal Biceps Tendon Ruptures
      • Distal Biceps Repair
    • Frozen Shoulder
    • Humeral Braces
      • Humeral Brace Method
      • Shoulder Humeral Braces
    • Other
      • Orthopaedic Logbooks
      • Consultant Interviews
      • Digital Imaging
      • Orthopaedic Internet Education
      • Presentation Tips
    • Overhead Athletes
      • Overhead Athletes Shoulder
      • Biomechanics
      • Causes
      • Clinical Examination
      • Investigations
      • Treatment
      • References
    • Regional Arm Pain
      • Regional Pain in the Arm
    • Research Tools
      • How many patients do we need?
      • Authorship
      • Does my study need Ethics Approval?
      • Grants
      • Levels of Evidence
      • Patient Confidentiality
      • Research Article Critique Checklist
      • Research Protocol Checklist
      • Research Randomizer
      • Shoulder Research Tools
      • Scientific Writing
      • Useful Online Tools
    • Arthroscopy
      • Arthroscopy Skills Tests
      • Shoulder Arthroscopy Guide
      • Advances in Shoulder Arthroscopy
      • Interactive Arthroscopy Tool
    • Shoulder Arthroscopic Anatomy
      • Arthroscopic Anatomy
      • Capsule
      • Inferior GHL
      • Middle GHL
      • Superior GHL
      • Synovial Recesses
      • Biceps Tendon
      • Glenoid Bare Area
      • Glenoid Notch
      • Humeral Head
      • Rotator Interval
      • Subscapularis
      • References
    • Knots, Anchors, Sutures
      • Suture Anchors
      • Bone Response to Suture Anchors
      • Knot Tying Booklet (Mitek)
      • Suture Anchors
      • Biabsorbable Anchors
      • Easy Knot Tying Video
      • Knotless Anchors
      • Sutures
      • Revo Knot
    • Rotator Cuff
      • Double Row Cuff Repair
      • Double Row Cuff Technique
      • Superior Capsular Reconstruction (SCR)
      • MRI of SCR
      • Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Results
      • Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Technique
      • Partial Thickness Rotator Cuff Repair Technique
      • Platelet Rich Plasma for Rotator Cuff Repair
      • Rotator Cuff Examination for Clinicians
      • Rotator Cuff Mechanics
      • Should we repair rotator cuffs?
      • Tendon Healing Mechanobiology
    • Impingement
      • Impingement Classification
      • Internal Impingement
      • Patient Profile for Subacromial Decompression
      • Physiotherapy for Impingement
    • Injections
      • Shoulder Injections
      • Hyaluronan - Basic Science
      • Hyaluronan Injections in Athletes
      • Hyaluronans in the Shoulder
      • Injections for Rotator Cuff Disease
      • Joint Injection Substances
      • Shoulder Injection Techniques
    • Instability
      • Acute Shoulder Dislocations
      • Posterior Shoulder Instability
      • Beighton Hypermobility Score
      • Examination Under Anaesthesia
      • External Rotation Brace Evidence
      • Instability Classification (Stanmore)
      • MRA vs Arthroscopy 2
      • MRA vs. Arthroscopy
      • Multidirectional Shoulder Instability
      • Original Latarjet Technique
      • Shoulder Instability Biomechanics
      • Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability
    • Shoulder Replacement
      • Surface Replacement
      • Advantages of a Shoulder Replacement
      • Biological Resurfacing of the Glenoid
      • Copeland (CSRA)
      • History/Development
      • Glenoid Resurfacing
      • Indications
      • Patient Selection
      • Rationale
      • Rehabilitation of SRA
      • Results
      • Short Stay Protocol
      • Soft Tissue Balancing
      • Summary
      • References
    • Shoulder Trauma
      • Clavicle Fractures
      • Scapula Fractures
      • Humeral Shaft Fractures - comparative Management
      • Risk of non-union estimation
    • Shoulder Ultrasound
      • Shoulder Ultrasound for Clinicians
      • Shoulder Ultrasound Handbook
      • Shoulder Ultrasound Technique
      • Ultrasound Guided Injections
      • Ultrasound Images
    • Surgical Approaches
      • Anterolateral Approach for Trauma
      • Scapular Osteotomy for Sprengel's Shoulder (Congenital Elevation of the Scapula)
    • Classifications
      • AC Joint Classifications
      • Acromion Classifications
      • Biceps anchor / SLAP classifications
      • Biceps tendon classifications
      • Calcific Tendonitis Classifications
      • Clavicle Classifications
      • Frozen Shoulder Classifications
      • Glenohumeral Arthritis Classifications
      • Labrum (instability) Classifications
      • Proximal Humerus Fracture Classifications
      • Rotator Cuff Classifications
      • Scapula Fracture Classifications
      • Subacromial Impingement Classifications
    • The Shoulder - Codman
      • Frontispiece - Codman
      • Foreword - Codman
      • Epilogue - Codman
      • Acknowledgements - Codman
      • Introduction - Codman
      • CHAPTER I - The anatomy of the human shoulder
      • CHAPTER II - Normal motions of the shoulder joint
      • CHAPTER III - The pathology of the subacromial bursa
      • CHAPTER IV - Arthritis, periarthritis, and bursitis
      • CHAPTER V - Rupture of the supraspinatus tendon
      • CHAPTER VI - Calcified deposits in the supraspinatus tendon
      • CHAPTER VII - Tendinitis of the short rotators
      • CHAPTER VIII - Operative treatment of shoulder lesions
      • CHAPTER IX - The role of the supraspinatus in dislocation
      • CHAPTER X - Fractures in relation to the subacromial bursa
      • CHAPTER XI - Brachial Plexus paralysis
      • CHAPTER XII - Lesions of the brachial plexus complicated
      • CHAPTER XIII - Hysteria, neurasthenia, neurosis
      • CHAPTER XIV - Tumors in the region of the subacromial bursa
      • Index - Codman
    • Operative Shoulder Surgery (1995) - Copeland
      • Foreword
      • Preface
      • Ch 1: Glenohumeral Arthrodesis
      • Ch 2: Acromial Epiphysiodesis
      • Ch 3: Anterior Acromioplasty
      • Ch 4: Arthroscopic Anterior Stabilization
      • Ch 5: Arthroscopic Excision of the Acromioclavicular Joint
      • Ch 6: Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression
      • Ch 7: Arthroscopy of the Shoulder
      • Ch 8: Biceps Tendon Repair and Tenodesis
      • Ch 9: Decompression of the Suprascapular Nerve
      • Ch 10: Double Osteotomy
      • Ch 11: Excision Arthroplasty of the Sternoclavicular Joint
      • Ch 13: External Rotation Osteotomy of the Proximal Humerus
      • Ch 14: Hemiarthroplasty for Fracture (Neer Type)
      • Ch 15: Injection Around the Shoulder
      • Ch 16: Manipulation under Anaesthesia
      • Ch 17: Posterior Shoulder Stabilization
      • Ch 18: Rotator Cuff Repair
      • Ch 19: Scapular Osteotomy for Sprengel's Shoulder (Congenital Elevation of the Scapula)
      • Ch 20: Stabilization of the Acromioclavicular Joint
      • Ch 21: Stabilization of the Biceps Tendon
      • Ch 22: Thoracoscapular Fusion
      • Ch 23: Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
      • Ch 24: Muscle Transfers at the Shoulder
      • Ch 25: Nerves of the Thoracoscapular and Glenohumeral Joints: Anatomy, Cause of Injury, Exposure
      • Ch 26: Stabilization of the Shoulder
      • Ch 27: Surgical Approaches
      • Ch 28: Anterior Acromioplasty
    • Shoulder Arthroscopy (1991) - Bunker and Wallace
      • Introduction and Index
      • Ch 1: Extracapsular Anatomy for Shoulder Arthroscopy
      • Ch 2: Assessment of the shoulder
      • Ch 3: Imaging the Shoulder
      • Ch 4: Clinical procedure
      • Ch 5: Normal arthroscopic examination
      • Ch 6: Abnormal findings
      • Ch 7: Arthroscopic surgery
      • Ch 8: Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression
      • Ch 9: Arthroscopic Management of Traumatic Shoulder Dislocations
      • Posterior Portal
      • Subacromial Space
    • SLAP Tear Management
    • Shoulder Biomechanics
    • Long Head of Biceps Tendonitis
    • Medical Education
    • Medico-legal issues of Shoulder Surgery
    • Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Shoulder Tendon and Arthritis
    • Optimising Post-Operative Pain Control For Shoulder Surgery
    • Pectoralis Major Injuries for Clinicians
    • Propionibacterium acnes Infection of the Shoulder
    • Scapula Muscle Injuries / Detachment
    • Scapula Pain
    • Shoulder Force Couples
    • Simple Approach to the Shoulder Complex
    • SLAP, SLOP, SLIP - Terminology
    • The Athletes Shoulder - When to Operate (Video)
    • The Glenoid Labrum
    • ACJ Biomechanics
  • FAQs
  • Research
  • News
  • Contact
Log in
  • X (Twitter)
  • Facebook
  • YouTube
Shoulderdoc
Log in Cart

Item added to your cart

View cart
Home

Shoulder

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, allowing a wide range of motion but also making it vulnerable to injuries and complex conditions. Whether you're experiencing pain, instability, weakness, or recovering from surgery, the resources below cover everything from anatomy to advanced treatments.

Explore topics related to shoulder conditions, anatomy, diagnosis, and surgical care:

AC Joint
Biceps
Calcific Shoulder Tendinitis
Condensing Osteitis Clavicle
Frozen Shoulder Information
Internal Impingement
Labral Tears
Low Grade Infection
Nerve Disorders of the Shoulder
Os Acromiale
Osteochondral Lesions of the Shoulder
Pectoralis Major Ruptures
Rotator Cuff Tears
Rotator Tendon Transfer
Scapula Disorders
Shoulder Anatomy
Shoulder Arthritis
Shoulder Arthroscopy
Shoulder Clicks, Clunks and Pops
Shoulder Dislocations
Dislocation Lesions
Shoulder Fractures
Shoulder Pain
Shoulder Scans
Shoulder Slings
Shoulder Videos
Shoulder Surgery in Paraplegics
SLAP Lesions
Sports Injuries
Sternoclavicular Joint
Subacromial Impingement

The Wilmslow Hospital

52 Alderley Rd
Wilmslow
Cheshire, SK9 1NY
Phone: 01625 545071

Contact

Please contact only regarding general shoulder information and feedback about the website.
I am unable to provide patient specific advise or guidance, as per GMC Guidelines.
Please consult your own doctor.
If you wish to see me for a consultation please go to TheArmclinic.com

  • Facebook
  • YouTube
  • X (Twitter)
Payment methods
    © 2025, Shoulderdoc (Website by Blackbox Ecom)
      • Choosing a selection results in a full page refresh.
      • Opens in a new window.